Introduction:
Medical textile, also known as Medi-textile, is a distinct category of technical textile used in the healthcare industry to produce a range of medical products. It is characterized by comfort, safety, and support to patients. The history of using of medical textiles dates back to ancient times when linen bandages were used to dress wounds. With advancements in technology and research, medical textiles have evolved into a large sophisticated industry, and have become an essential component in the production of medical products.
Types of Medical Textile:
Medical textiles are classified into two main categories: Non-implantable Medical textiles and Implantable Medical textiles.
A. Non-implantable Medical Textiles: Non-implantable textiles are used for various purposes such as wound dressings, bandages, surgical gowns, drapes, and bedding. These textiles are generally made from cotton, polyester, or a blend of these fibers. Non-implantable textiles are used in a variety of medical applications, including incontinence products, surgical masks, and isolation gowns.
B. Implantable Medical Textiles: On the other hand, Implantable textiles are used in surgical implants and implantable medical devices such as artificial heart valves, vascular grafts, and hernia meshes. These textiles are specially designed to be compatible with human tissues and to promote the body’s natural healing process. They are usually made from bio-compatible materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Functions and Application of Medical Textile:
Medical textiles have a wide range of functions and applications in the healthcare industry. Some of the key functions of medical textiles are:
1. Wound Dressings: Medical textiles are used in the production of wound dressings that promote healing and reduce the risk of infection. These dressings are designed to absorb exudation and maintain a moist environment that accelerates the healing process.
2. Bandages: Medical textiles are used to manufacture bandages that provide support and protection to injured body parts. They are designed to be elastic, breathable, and comfortable to wear.
3. Surgical Gowns and Drapes: Medical textiles are used to manufacture surgical gowns and drapes that provide a sterile environment for surgical procedures. These textiles are designed to be durable, water-resistant, and able to withstand the rigors of sterilization.
4. Implants: Medical textiles are used in the production of implants such as artificial heart valves and hernia meshes. These textiles are specially designed to be bio-compatible and to promote the body’s natural healing process.
5. Incontinence Products: Medical textiles are used in the production of incontinence products such as adult diapers and pads. These textiles are designed to be comfortable, absorbent, and able to control odor.
6. Compression Garments: Medical textiles are used in the production of compression garments that provide support and promote blood flow. These garments are commonly used to treat conditions such as deep vein thrombosis, lymphedema, and varicose veins.
Innovations in Medical Textile:
The field of medical textiles is constantly evolving, with new materials and technologies being developed to improve patient outcomes. Some of the recent innovations in medical textiles include:
a) Smart textiles: Smart textiles are fabrics that are able to sense and respond to their environment. In the healthcare industry, smart textiles are being developed to monitor vital signs, detect infections, and provide drug delivery.
b) Antibacterial textiles: Antibacterial textiles are fabrics that are treated with antimicrobial agents to reduce the risk of infection. These textiles are commonly used in wound dressings and surgical gowns.
c) Biodegradable textiles: Biodegradable textiles are fabrics that are designed to break down over time, reducing the risk of complications and reducing the need for additional surgeries.
Conclusion:
Medical textile is a specialized category of functional textile highly focused on health-care issues. It is an emerging sector of textile having a lot of potential and growth.
Working as head of the dept. of Wet Process Engineering at Textile Engineering College, Zorargonj, Chattogram. He is also CEO at TEC Media and advisor at Textile Engineers Club. He hosts textile related online program ‘TEC Show’.